What is your first name?
What is your last name?
second
third
colonial dialect.
expansion diffusion.
Indo-European import.
global lingua.
lingua franca.
has no native speakers.
is spread by folk culture.
stems from invasion.
cannot exist for more than a generation.
cannot exist without globalization.
French; Spanish
English; French
French; English
Conflict over ethnicity; conflict over language
Alaska; Greenland
the diffusion of command economies across much of the world.
the rise of folk culture and the decline of popular culture.
its role as the common language of a global economy and culture.
the refusal to use English in colonial and imperial expansion.
the diffusion of religion from LDCs to MDCs.
as imperial Russia and China expanded they used English as a lingua franca in Asia.
people in conquered countries knew that in the distant future, English would become the main language associated with exports of popular culture, such as Disney cartoons and Hollywood movies.
conquered peoples wishing to participate in the new government and the increasingly global economy felt pressured to learn English.
conquered populations refused to use English while colonial and imperial expansion was underway.
religious missionaries from every European country used English-language translations of the Bible.
Iceland's close contact with other people and activities.
the extinction of the East Germanic group.
Iceland's relative isolation from other places.
migration by German tribes.
continuous exchange with Norway and Sweden.
thousands of years of isolation between cultural groups.
repeated invasions by outsiders.
introduction of many different languages by the colonial powers.
frequent migration by the different tribal groups.
colonial administration of native lands.
English has become less dominant but is still the leading Internet language.
Different Internets exist for most other widely spoken languages, like Chinese, Japanese, and Russian.
The number of English-speaking Internet users remains above 50 percent.
English has become more dominant as the most common language on the Internet.
No one seems to be able to spell English correctly anymore.
an English word that has entered the French language.
a language understood by people who have different native languages.
an extinct language that has been revived.
an official language in a region of the world different from where the language originated.
a language used by French colonial administrations.
Slavic.
Iranian.
English.
Celtic.
Pictish.
an isolated language.
an extinct language.
a language family.
a revived language.
an Altaic language.
Brittany.
Barcelona, Spain.
the Swiss Alps.
Liechtenstein.
the Pyrenees Mountains.
